Chitoliro chotenthetsera cha vacuum(VIP) ndi ukadaulo wofunikira womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale omwe amafunikira kunyamula zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, monga gasi wachilengedwe wosungunuka (LNG), nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi (LN2), ndi haidrojeni yamadzimadzi (LH2). Blog iyi ikufotokoza zomwechitoliro chotenthetsera cha vacuumndi, momwe imagwirira ntchito, ndi chifukwa chake ndi yofunika kwambiri pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale.

Kodi ndi chiyani Chitoliro Chotetezedwa ndi Zitsulo?

Achitoliro chotenthetsera cha vacuum ndi njira yapadera yopachikira mapaipi yopangidwira kunyamula madzi oundana pamene ikuchepetsa kutayika kwa kutentha. Mapaipi awa amapangidwa ndi zigawo ziwiri zozungulira: chitoliro chamkati chomwe chimanyamula madzi oundana ndi chitoliro chakunja chomwe chimazungulira. Malo pakati pa zigawo ziwirizi amachotsedwa kuti apange vacuum, yomwe imagwira ntchito ngati chotetezera kutentha. Kapangidwe kameneka kamathandiza kupewa kusamutsa kutentha kudzera mu conduction ndi convection, kusunga madzi oundana pa kutentha kwake kochepa.

Kodi a Chitoliro Chotetezedwa ndi Zitsulo Ntchito?

Njira yoyamba yotetezera kutentha kwachitoliro chotenthetsera cha vacuumndi vacuum yokha. Munthawi yabwinobwino, kusamutsa kutentha kumachitika kudzera mu conduction, convection, ndi radiation. Mwa kupanga vacuum pakati pa mapaipi amkati ndi akunja, VIP imachotsa conduction ndi convection, chifukwa palibe mamolekyu ampweya onyamula kutentha. Kuti achepetse kusamutsa kutentha kudzera mu radiation, machitidwe a VIP nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zishango zowunikira mkati mwa vacuum. Kuphatikiza uku kwa vacuum insulation ndi zotchinga zowunikira kumapangitsachitoliro chotenthetsera cha vacuumyothandiza kwambiri pakusunga kutentha kwa madzi a cryogenic.

Kugwiritsa ntchito Chitoliro Chotetezedwa ndi Zitsulo

Chitoliro chotenthetsera cha vacuumimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale omwe amadalira ukadaulo wa cryogenic, monga mphamvu, ndege, ndi chisamaliro chaumoyo. Mu gawo la mphamvu, ma VIP ndi ofunikira kwambiri ponyamula LNG, mafuta oyera omwe amafunika kusungidwa kutentha kotsika mpaka -162°C (-260°F). Ma VIP nawonso amachita gawo lofunikira pakunyamula hydrogen yamadzimadzi, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ntchito zamlengalenga ndipo imawonedwa ngati mafuta omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo mwa mphamvu zoyera. Mu chisamaliro chaumoyo, nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi yotumizidwa kudzera mu ma VIP imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zachipatala monga kusungira cryopreservation ndi chithandizo cha khansa.

Ubwino wa Chitoliro Chotetezedwa ndi Zitsulo

Ubwino waukulu wogwiritsa ntchitochitoliro chotenthetsera cha vacuumndi kuthekera kwake kuchepetsa kutayika kwa kutentha panthawi yonyamula madzi a cryogenic. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino, kuchepetsa kupangika kwa mpweya woipa (BOG), komanso kusunga ndalama zonse m'mafakitale omwe amadalira malo otentha kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, makina a VIP amapereka kudalirika kwa nthawi yayitali, kusunga magwiridwe antchito a insulation kwa nthawi yayitali popanda kukonza kwambiri.

Pomaliza: Kufunika kwa Chitoliro Chotetezedwa ndi Zitsulo

Chitoliro chotenthetsera cha vacuumndi ukadaulo wofunikira kwambiri m'mafakitale omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi. Mwa kupewa kusamutsa kutentha ndikusunga kutentha kochepa komwe kumafunikira pazinthu monga LNG ndi hydrogen yamadzimadzi, ma VIP amathandizira kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino, zikugwira ntchito bwino, komanso kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino pamtengo wotsika m'mafakitale. Pamene kufunikira kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zoziziritsa kukhosi kukukula,chitoliro chotenthetsera cha vacuumipitiliza kukhala yankho lofunikira kwambiri poyendetsa madzi otentha kwambiri.