Madzi oundana monga nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi (LN2), haidrojeni yamadzimadzi (LH2), ndi gasi wachilengedwe wosungunuka (LNG) ndi ofunikira m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuyambira ntchito zachipatala mpaka kupanga mphamvu. Kutumiza zinthuzi kutentha kochepa kumafuna njira zapadera kuti zisunge kutentha kwawo kozizira kwambiri ndikuletsa kuuma kwa madzi. Chimodzi mwa njira zogwira mtima kwambiri zonyamulira madzi oundana ndi chitoliro chotenthetsera cha vacuumPansipa, tifufuza momwe machitidwewa amagwirira ntchito komanso chifukwa chake ndi ofunikira kwambiri ponyamula madzi a cryogenic bwino.

Vuto Lonyamula Madzi Otchedwa Cryogenic Liquids

Madzi oundana amasungidwa ndikunyamulidwa kutentha kochepera -150°C (-238°F). Kutentha kotereku, nthawi zambiri amasanduka nthunzi mwachangu ngati akumana ndi nyengo yoipa. Vuto lalikulu ndikuchepetsa kutentha kuti zinthuzi zisunge madziwo munthawi yoyenda. Kukwera kulikonse kwa kutentha kungayambitse nthunzi mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zitayike komanso kuopsa kwa chitetezo.

Paipi Yotetezedwa ndi Vacuum: Chinsinsi cha Kuyendera Bwino

Mapaipi otetezedwa ndi vacuum(VIPs) ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yonyamulira zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi pamtunda wautali pomwe imachepetsa kutentha. Mapaipi awa ali ndi zigawo ziwiri: chitoliro chamkati, chomwe chimanyamula madzi oziziritsa kukhosi, ndi chitoliro chakunja chomwe chimatseka chitoliro chamkati. Pakati pa zigawo ziwirizi pali vacuum, yomwe imagwira ntchito ngati chotchinga choteteza kutentha kuti ichepetse kutentha ndi kuwala.chitoliro chotenthetsera cha vacuumukadaulowu umachepetsa kwambiri kutayika kwa kutentha, kuonetsetsa kuti madziwo amakhalabe pa kutentha kofunikira paulendo wake wonse.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito mu Mayendedwe a LNG

Mpweya wachilengedwe wosungunuka (LNG) ndi gwero lodziwika bwino la mafuta ndipo uyenera kunyamulidwa kutentha kotsika mpaka -162°C (-260°F).Mapaipi otetezedwa ndi vacuumamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo opangira LNG ndi malo oimikapo magalimoto kuti asunthe LNG kuchokera ku matanki osungiramo katundu kupita ku zombo kapena zotengera zina zonyamulira. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma VIP kumatsimikizira kuti kutentha sikulowa kwambiri, kuchepetsa mpweya woipa (BOG) komanso kusunga LNG mu mkhalidwe wake wosungunuka panthawi yonyamula katundu ndi kutsitsa katundu.

Kuyendetsa Hydrogen Yamadzimadzi ndi Nayitrogeni Yamadzimadzi

Mofananamo,mapaipi otetezedwa ndi vacuumndi ofunikira kwambiri pa kayendedwe ka haidrojeni yamadzimadzi (LH2) ndi nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi (LN2). Mwachitsanzo, haidrojeni yamadzimadzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu kufufuza mlengalenga ndi ukadaulo wa maselo amafuta. Kutentha kwake kochepa kwambiri kwa -253°C (-423°F) kumafuna njira zapadera zoyendera. Ma VIP amapereka yankho labwino kwambiri, kulola kuyenda bwino komanso kotetezeka kwa LH2 popanda kutayika kwakukulu chifukwa cha kusamutsa kutentha. Nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ndi m'mafakitale, imapindulanso ndi ma VIP, kuwonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwake kuli kokhazikika panthawi yonseyi.

Mapeto: Udindo waMapaipi Otetezedwa ndi Vacuum M'tsogolo mwa Cryogenics

Pamene mafakitale akupitiliza kudalira zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, mapaipi otetezedwa ndi vacuumZidzakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakuonetsetsa kuti mayendedwe awo ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito bwino. Chifukwa cha kuthekera kwawo kuchepetsa kusamutsa kutentha, kupewa kutayika kwa zinthu, komanso kulimbitsa chitetezo, ma VIP ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa gawo la cryogenic. Kuyambira LNG mpaka hydrogen yamadzimadzi, ukadaulo uwu ukuwonetsetsa kuti zakumwa zotentha pang'ono zitha kunyamulidwa popanda kuwononga chilengedwe komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri.