Mapaipi opangira zinthu amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pamagetsi, mankhwala, petrochemical, zitsulo ndi zina zopangira. Njira yokhazikitsa imakhudzana mwachindunji ndi mtundu wa polojekitiyi komanso mphamvu yachitetezo. Pakukhazikitsa mapaipi opangira zinthu, ukadaulo wa mapaipi opangira zinthu ndi ntchito yokhala ndi zofunikira zaukadaulo komanso njira yovuta kwambiri yokhazikitsa. Ubwino wa kukhazikitsa mapaipi umakhudza mwachindunji mtundu wa njira yoyendetsera zinthu, sikuti umakhudza njira yoyendetsera zinthu zokha, komanso umachita gawo lalikulu pantchitoyo. Chifukwa chake, pakukhazikitsa mapaipi enieni opangira zinthu, khalidwe lokhazikitsa liyenera kuyendetsedwa. Pepalali likukambirana ndikufotokozera za kuwongolera kukhazikitsa mapaipi ndi mavuto omwe ayenera kuganiziridwa pankhani yokhazikitsa mapaipi ku China.
Chitoliro cha mpweya chopanikizika
Kuwongolera khalidwe la kukhazikitsa mapaipi ku China kumaphatikizapo makamaka: gawo lokonzekera kumanga, gawo lomanga, gawo lowunikira, mayeso owunikira, kutsuka mapaipi ndi gawo loyeretsa. Ndi zofunikira zaukadaulo zomwe zikuwonjezeka, pakupanga kwenikweni, tiyenera kukonzekera, kukhazikitsa, kuwongolera ndi ntchito yolimbana ndi dzimbiri malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili.
1. Dziwani njira yokhazikitsira payipi ya ndondomeko
Asanazindikire kuyika mapaipi a ndondomekoyi, kuchuluka koyambira kwa kukhazikitsa ndi kumanga pulojekiti kuyenera kufotokozedwa malinga ndi momwe malo omangira ndi omangira alili komanso kapangidwe kake. Anthu ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa ntchito yomangayi ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa mwa kudziwa bwino momwe ntchitoyo ikuchitikira komanso zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa ntchito yomangayi. Kudzera mu dongosolo la zinthu ndi anthu ogwira ntchito, kugawa kwathunthu kumachitika. Potengera momwe ntchito yomangayi ikuyendera, njira yofananira iyenera kukonzedwa ndikukonzedwa kuti ipulumutse ogwira ntchito yomangayi ndikuyesetsa nthawi yomangayi, kuti makina akuluakulu monga crane agwiritsidwe ntchito bwino.
Monga mfundo yofunika kwambiri yokonzekera dongosolo lomanga, dongosolo laukadaulo limaphatikizapo: njira yokwezera yolondola ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowotcherera. Powotcherera zipangizo zapadera ndi kukweza mapaipi akuluakulu, kufotokozera kwaukadaulo kwa dongosolo lomanga kuyenera kukonzedwa, ndipo maziko enieni a chitsogozo ayenera kutengedwa ngati maziko a kumanga ndi kukhazikitsa malo. Kachiwiri, malinga ndi momwe dongosolo lomanga lilili komanso njira zotsimikizira chitetezo, dongosolo lomanga lingadziwike mwa kuphatikiza mbali zonse za zinthu, ndipo malowo ayenera kutsogozedwa moyenera komanso mwadongosolo pa ntchito yomanga yofanana.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wokonzera mapaipi pomanga
Monga njira yodziwika bwino ku China, njira yokonzekera mapaipi iyenera kusamalidwa chifukwa cha kuzama kosakwanira kwa kupanga mapaipi komanso kuchuluka kochepa kwa kupanga mapaipi. Mwachitsanzo, mapulojekiti ena omanga amanena kuti kupanga mapaipi kuyenera kukhala kopitilira 40%, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabizinesi omanga azikhala ovuta kwambiri malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili. Monga njira yofunika kwambiri yokhazikitsira mapaipi, kuzama kwa kupanga mapaipi akadali mu njira yosavuta yokonzekera m'mabizinesi ambiri ku China. Mwachitsanzo, njira yokonzekera mapaipi olunjika yokhala ndi chigongono ndi chitoliro ziwiri zolumikizira ndi chimodzi zimatha kuthetsa vuto losavuta lokhazikitsa mapaipi. Zipangizo za mapaipi zikayikidwa, sizingagwire ntchito yokonzekera mapaipi. Chifukwa chake, pomanga kwenikweni, tiyenera kuganizira njira yomanga pasadakhale, ndikuyika chipolopolo chofananira chokonzedwa kale pamalo okhazikitsa a mercury ndi heat exchanger pansi pa mikhalidwe. Mu chitoliro choyeserera cha munda wokonzekera, pamene kusonkhana kwa munda kwatha, malo olumikizirana a gulu loyeserera la munda wokonzekera amakokedwa kubwerera ku fakitale yokonzekera yokonzekera, ndipo zida zodziyimira zokha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji polumikiza, ndipo flange yolingana imalumikizidwa ndi mabolts. Motero, ntchito yolumikiza ndi manja pamalo omangira ikhoza kupulumutsidwa ndipo mphamvu yokhazikitsa payipi ikhoza kuwonjezeka.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-22-2021
